根据声测被动定位对声学基阵提出的要求 ,给出了当基阵尺寸较小的情况下 ,影响声测被动定位精度的关键因素。同时分析了多种广义互相关时延估计方法的性能 ,并用实测的直升机声场数据进行了实验仿真研究。结果表明 ,采用广义互相关方法 ,能有效地提高小基阵声测被动定位的时延估计精度 ,其精度比常规方法高出 2倍以上。 According to the requirement of acoustical array based on the acoustically-measured passive location, the key factors that affect the accuracy of acoustically-measured passive location when the size of the array is small are given. At the same time, the performance of a variety of generalized cross-correlation time delay estimation methods is analyzed, and experimental simulation studies are carried out with measured helicopter sound field data. The results show that the generalized cross-correlation method can effectively improve the time-delay estimation accuracy of the small array acoustic measurement passive positioning, the accuracy of which is more than twice that of the conventional method.