本文报告3例长期使用皮质激素和免疫抑制剂引起的严重条件性霉菌感染。例1,男性,54岁,患落叶性天疱疮,用皮质激素及硫唑嘌呤等治疗,控制病情。连续服药约一年后患者突然出现弛张性高热,咯少许痰,但不咳。胸片示有广泛性炎症,不能排除结核。血培养阴性。用抗菌素治疗无效。继后发现口颊粘膜有白膜,涂片查见菌丝及孢子。痰三次培养均为 This article reports three cases of long-term use of corticosteroids and immunosuppressive agents caused by severe conditions of mold infection. Example 1, male, 54 years old, suffering from deciduous pemphigus, treatment with corticosteroids and azathioprine to control the disease. About a year after taking a continuous medication, patients suddenly appear high fever, a little sputum, but not cough. Chest radiograph showed extensive inflammation, can not rule out tuberculosis. Negative blood culture. Treatment with antibiotics is ineffective. Subsequent found that buccal mucosa with white coat, smear see mycelium and spores. Sputum three culture are