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有机胺,生物碱和季铵盐在适当的 pH 介质中多能与一些酸性染料形成溶于氯仿的离子对,虽灵敏度很高,但选择性较差。本文研究了在 pH6.7介质中,利用奎宁(Quinine)与溴酚蓝(BPB)形成1·1的络合物再与季铵阳离子形成可溶于氯仿的三元离子对[BPB·H·Quin]·[R3N~+),呈蓝色,于610 nm具最大吸收,以此可选择性地测定药物中微量的季铵盐,如盐酸黄连素(berberine)和氯化苯甲苏铵(benzethonium)等。与 BPB 形成离子对其提取机制如下:
Organic amines, alkaloids, and quaternary ammonium salts are capable of forming ion pairs soluble in chloroform with some acidic dyes in a suitable pH medium, although with high sensitivity but poor selectivity. In this paper, a complex of quinine (Quinine) and bromophenol blue (BPB) was formed at pH6.7 to form a chloroform-soluble ternary ion pair with quaternary ammonium cation [BPB · H · Quin] · [R3N ~ +) is blue and has a maximum absorbance at 610 nm. This allows for the selective determination of traces of quaternary ammonium salts in pharmaceuticals, such as berberine and benzathine benzethonium and the like. The formation of ions with BPB extraction mechanism is as follows: