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资本的再生产历来是生产性积累(剥削)和非生产性积累(剥夺)的统一。马克思基于“资本一般”的再生产批判侧重于生产性积累。剥夺性积累是指资本主义形成后原始积累的常态化和普遍化,实质是暴力维系的非生产性积累。剥夺性积累理论聚焦于新帝国主义和新自由主义的非生产性积累分析和批判,试图借助不平衡发展等相关话语资源,揭示中心资本主义的活力主要不再源自生产剩余而是掠夺剩余的能力。它充分释放了马克思“基础—主导”的辩证法能量,拓展了资本再生产批判的视阈,为分析当代资本全面深刻的殖民及其灵活的积累策略提供了新的理论契机。哈维的理论也存在纰漏和有待深化之处。
The reproduction of capital has traditionally been the unification of productive accumulation (exploitation) and unproductive accumulation (deprivation). Marx’s critique of reproduction based on “capital general ” focuses on productive accumulation. Deprivation of accumulation refers to the normalization and generalization of primitive accumulation after the formation of capitalism, in essence it is a non-productive accumulation of violence. The Theory of Deprivability and Accumulation focuses on the unproductive accumulation analysis and criticism of neo-imperialism and neo-liberalism and attempts to reveal the vitality of central capitalism by means of unbalanced development and other related discourse resources, not from the surplus of production but of the predatory surplus ability. It fully releases the dialectic energy of Marx’s “foundation-domination”, expands the visual threshold of capital reproduction critique, and provides a new theoretical opportunity for analyzing the all-round and profound colonization of contemporary capital and its flexible accumulation strategy. Harvey’s theory also has flaws and needs to be deepened.