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超音速公务机是航空工业的重要发展方向之一,低声爆设计技术是超音速公务机的关键技术,但国内在该领域几乎没有任何研究基础,无法为超音速公务机提供足够的设计支持。为此,介绍了两种计算声爆的方法:一是从超音速流动的线化方程出发,推导体积和升力产生声爆强度的估算方法,该方法适用于飞机概念设计阶段;二是从非线性声学传播方程出发,使用CFD近场结果作为输入,编程计算声爆强度,该方法适用于飞机初步/详细设计阶段。在此基础上,对影响声爆强度的参数进行初步分析,结果表明:飞机重量和飞行高度对声爆强度影响很大,展弦比、翼载等参数对声爆强度的影响较小;“细长机身+鸭式布局+大后掠三角翼”布局比较有利于减小声爆强度。
Sonic Jet is one of the important development directions in the aviation industry. The technology of bass burst design is the key technology of S-Jet, but there is hardly any research foundation in this field in our country and it can not provide sufficient design support for the S-Jet . Therefore, two methods to calculate the sound explosion are introduced: one is to estimate the sound explosion intensity of the volume and lift based on the line equation of supersonic flow, and the method is suitable for the conceptual design stage of the aircraft; Based on the linear acoustic propagation equation, the CFD near-field result is used as input to calculate the sound explosion intensity. This method is suitable for the initial / detailed design phase of the aircraft. On this basis, the parameters that affect sound explosion intensity are analyzed preliminarily. The results show that aircraft weight and flight altitude have a great influence on the sound explosion intensity, and the parameters such as aspect ratio and wing load have little influence on sound explosion intensity. “Slender body + Duck layout + large swept delta wing” layout is more conducive to reducing the sound explosion intensity.