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目的分析深圳肺结核患者发病特征,探索其流行规律,旨在为制订控制结核病疫情策略提供科学依据。方法收集深圳龙华2000-2007年登记治疗的活动性肺结核患者632例进行描述性分析和单因素分析。结果632例活动性肺结核病例中常住患者108例(17.1%),非常住患者524例(82.9%)。龙华流动人口中21～30岁肺结核患者占53.4%,常住人口中21～30岁和41岁以上肺结核患者各占34.3%,不同户籍患者的年龄构成存在统计学差异(χ2=15.7,P=0.001);在流动人口肺结核患者中,21～30岁年龄组结核患者菌阳率为92.1%,高于同年龄组常住患者的73.0%(χ2=11.2,P=0.001);21～30岁年龄组常住患者肺结核空洞率是13.5%,低于同年龄组的流动肺结核患者的28.9%(χ2=3.93,P=0.047)。结论深圳流动人口肺结核患者与常住患者相比较主要特点是发病年龄结构轻、青年患者结核菌阳性率高、病情较重。
Objective To analyze the incidence of pulmonary tuberculosis in Shenzhen and to explore the prevalence of TB in order to provide a scientific basis for the development of strategies to control the outbreak of tuberculosis. Methods A total of 632 active pulmonary tuberculosis cases registered and treated in Longhua, Shenzhen from 2000 to 2007 were collected for descriptive analysis and univariate analysis. Results Of the 632 active pulmonary tuberculosis cases, 108 (17.1%) were resident and 524 (82.9%) were non-resident. Longhua floating population of 21 to 30 years of age accounted for 53.4% of tuberculosis patients, the resident population of 21 to 30 years of age and 41 years of age were 34.3% of tuberculosis patients, age-specific differences in the age of the residents (χ2 = 15.7, P = 0.001 ). Among the floating population with tuberculosis, the positive rate of tuberculosis in 21-30 age group was 92.1%, which was higher than 73.0% (χ2 = 11.2, P = 0.001) of the resident population in the same age group; 21-30 years old group The prevalence of pulmonary tuberculosis in resident patients was 13.5%, lower than 28.9% of those in the same age group (χ2 = 3.93, P = 0.047). Conclusion The main characteristics of floating population pulmonary tuberculosis in Shenzhen compared with the resident patients are that the age of onset is light, the positive rate of TB in young patients is high, and the disease is serious.