本文分析了138例窒息新生儿生后24小时内血钠变化，结果表明：窒息新生儿低钠血症的发生率高于正常新生儿（P＜0．01），其轻重与窒息程度呈正相关（r＝0．60，P＜0．001），窒息组中早产儿的血钠明显低于足月儿（P＜0．05）。当窒息新生儿出现中枢神经系统症状时，不应单纯考虑是新生儿缺血缺氧性脑病（HIE）或颅内出血，还应考虑低钠血症的存在 In this paper, 138 cases of asphyxia were analyzed within 24 hours after birth, the results showed that: the incidence of neonatal asphyxia neonatorum than normal newborns (P <0.01), the severity of asphyxia was positively correlated (R = 0.60, P <0.001). Serum sodium in preterm infants in asphyxia group was significantly lower than that in term infants (P <0.05). Neonatal hypoxic-ischemic encephalopathy (HIE) or intracranial hemorrhage should not be considered for the first time as a manifestation of central nervous system symptoms in neonates with asphyxia, but hyponatremia should also be considered