对于中国政府与农民的关系问题进行探讨的历史,可以说跟这个问题存在的历史一样悠久。自古以来,“官民关系”一直是许多有识之士关注和思考的主题。近百年来,中国大陆国家与农民关系的历史与现状、未来发展方向一直是海内外研究中国农村问题的社会学家、政治学家、人类学家关注的焦点。他们的研究卓有成效,提出了许多富有创建和概括力、解释力的理论概念,虽然不同领域的学者的研究视角、方法有所不同,但是对其研究的内容和成果进行分析和概括,笔 The history of exploring the relationship between the Chinese government and peasants can be said to have as long history as this issue. Since ancient times, the “relationship between officials and civilians” has always been the subject of concern and reflection by many people of insight. Over the past century, the history and current status of the relations between the state and the peasantry in mainland China and its future development have always been the focus of attention of sociologists, political scientists and anthropologists who have studied the problems of rural China both at home and abroad. Their research has been fruitful and many theoretical concepts of creation and summaries and explanatory power have been put forward. Although the research perspectives and methods of scholars in different fields are different, their contents and achievements are analyzed and summarized.