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随着世界各地交通运输的发展,环境污染问题也随之产生。采用现场检测结合实验室试验,研究公路路堤中金属的浸出问题。通过收集旧路沿线的土基、土壤溶液和路表径流的数据,研究金属元素 Cd, Cr, Cu, Ni, Pb和Zn的浸出现象。应用土柱试验、吸附试验及对比试验,分析实验室测量方法的可靠性和适用性。不同的金属束缚粒子在路表径流中的比例为15%~90%。研究点路堤土体中的金属浓度是路侧800 m外参照地点森林土层的30倍。在土层50 cm深度处,路表径流对土壤溶液的影响较小,土壤基质中的高金属浓度导致了土壤溶液金属浓度的升高。研究表明： S4试验模型是预测实际土壤溶液金属浓度最全面的方法。吸附试验表明：在100年的运营期内,路侧土壤的阻滞力升高了近20倍；碱尘和有机碳的长期渗入,增加了路侧土壤的阻滞力。“,”Increasing worldwide motor vehicle traffic leads to the question of the possible environmental consequences. This paper aims to analyse metal leaching in a highway embankment using both field and laboratory experiments. Soil, soil solution and road runoff were collected along one of the oldest highways in the world to characterize leaching of the metals Cd, Cr, Cu, Ni, Pb and Zn. Batch, column and adsorption experiments were carried out to study the reliability and transferability of labo-ratory approaches. Depending on the element, the ratio of parti-cle-bound metals in road runoff varied between 15% ~90%. Metal levels in embankment soils were significantly higher com-pared to a reference site in a forest at 800 m distance ( up a fac-tor of 30). High metal concentrations in soil solution at 50 cm soil depth were not a direct result of road runoff but rather of ele-vated concentrations in the soil matrix. The use of batch S4 elu-tion was found to be the best overall laboratory method to predict soil solution concentrations in field. Adsorption experiments showed a relative increase in retention capacity in roadside soil of up to a factor of 20 after nearly 100 years of operation. The in-put of alkaline dust and organic carbon into roadside soils increa-ses its retention capacity in the long term.