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To investigate the cytotoxicity and cytocompatibility of chitin fiber reinforced polycaprolactonecomposite in vitro in order to provide useful scientific basis for clinical application. Methods: Cell morphology observation,MTT and DNA assay were used to evaluate the influence of the composite on the morphology, growth and proliferation of cul-tured L-929 cells. Results: The composite did not impair the morphology of cultured cells in vitro. MTT and DNA assaydemonstrated that the growth and proliferation of the cultured cells were not significantly inhibited by the composite. Conclu-sion: The composites have fine cytocompatibility and are safe for clinical use of reconstruction of chest wall defects.