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本文基于对欧洲价值观研究2008年数据的多层分析,同时考察了个体层面的微观因素与国家层面的宏观条件对个体主观幸福感的影响。研究发现:政治稳定、政府效率、腐败控制、责任性、法治性和政府经济管制能力等反映政府治理能力的政治指标,对公民的个体幸福感没有显著影响。本研究验证了罗伯特兰恩(Robert E.Lane)的“自源型痛苦”理论,即现代程序性民主实际上带来了个体幸福感的流逝。在控制一个国家的富裕程度和橱利支出的条件下,以程序性指标测量的民主对公民个体的幸福感有着显著的负面影响,民主程度越高的国家,公民的幸福感反而越低。
This article is based on a multi-level analysis of the 2008 data from the European Values Study, examining the impact of individual-level micro-factors and macro-level conditions at the national level on individual subjective well-being. The study found that political indicators reflecting the government’s ability to govern, such as political stability, government efficiency, corruption control, responsibility, rule of law and government’s economic control ability, have no significant effect on the individual’s well-being of citizens. This study validates Robert E. Lane’s theory of “self-originated suffering,” in which modern procedural democracy actually leads to the passing of individual well-being. Democratization measured by procedural indicators has a significant negative impact on the well-being of civic individuals under the control of a country’s affluence and expenditure, while citizens with higher democracies feel less happy about their happiness.