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在中学语文的文言文里,常常见到古人的一些记时名词,它们不是一般的时间名词,而是一些约定俗成的记时专名。这些名词所表示的时间不是模糊的而是确定的。 古人把一昼夜等分为十二时,它们的名称依次为夜半、鸡鸣、平旦、日出、食时、隅中、日中、日昳、哺时、日入、黄昏、人定。到了汉代,把一昼夜分为十二时辰,以十二地支为纪,即子、丑、寅、卯、辰、巳、午、未、申、酉、戍、亥。现将古代的时、时辰与现代时段的对应关系,列表如下:
In the classical Chinese language of middle school, some ancient time-telling terms are often seen. They are not ordinary time nouns, but are some common special names for timekeeping. The time represented by these nouns is not vague but definitive. When the ancients divided the day and night into twelve equal parts, their names were: Midnight, Chicken, Pingdan, Sunrise, Shishi, Suizhong, Sun, China, Sundial, Feeding, Sun, Twilight, and People. In the Han Dynasty, a day and a night was divided into twelve hours, and twelve earthly branches were used as the subordinates, namely, son, ugly, monk, monk, chen, monk, noon, wei, shen, yi, xiong, and hai. The correspondence between ancient times, hour and modern times is listed as follows: