本文介绍前苏联燃气涡轮发动机叶片高速定向结晶工艺和为此工艺专门创制的УВНК-8П装置。该装置为一复杂机能的综合体,设有真空、水冷及在一系列点上自动控制真空和温度的系统,可用于制造具有柱状单晶组织的叶片,其结晶速度为10～20mm/min,而一般定向结晶工艺的结晶速度为2～4mm/min。 This article describes the high-speed directional crystallization of the gas turbine engine blades in the former Soviet Union and the УВНК-8П unit created specifically for this process. The device is a complex complex with a system of vacuum, water cooling and automatic vacuum and temperature control over a series of points for the production of blades with columnar mono-crystalline structures with a crystallization rate of 10-20 mm / min, The crystallization rate of the general directional crystallization process is 2 ~ 4mm / min.