表面裂纹深度和取向的临界折射纵波检测

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针对表面裂纹深度和取向的无损表征难题,提出一种基于临界折射纵波(L CR)的检测方法.以碳钢试块表面垂直裂纹(深度为1~8 mm)、倾斜裂纹(长度为10 mm,倾角为15°~90°)为检测对象进行试验,分析了裂纹深度、取向对L CR波信号的影响规律,通过信号幅值和B扫描成像表征裂纹.试验结果表明,L CR波在传播过程中会受到表面裂纹的遮挡作用,并在裂纹尖端产生衍射.随裂纹深度增加,遮挡作用增强,透射L CR波幅值下降且到达时刻延后,对裂纹取向不敏感;B扫描图像中L CR波及对应尖端衍射波的位置、方向与裂纹的深度、取向具有良好的一致性.该检测方法为表面裂纹的有效表征提供了新思路.
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