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目的:了解近10年住院患儿死因变化情况及性别、年龄、季节分布情况。方法:统计近10年住院患儿死亡病例,根据国际疾病《ICD-10》分类原则进行分类,采用SPSS进行统计处理。结果:近10年住院儿童死亡率总体呈下降趋势;住院男女死亡之比为1.6∶1;住院女童死亡率略高于住院男童死亡率;极端的气候影响死亡率的高低;1岁以内婴儿死亡比例最高;近10年死因位于前5位的疾病分别为:先天异常(28.0%)、恶性肿瘤(22.5%)、新生儿疾病(9.9%)、呼吸系统疾病(9.4%)和传染性疾病(7.1%)。结论:对儿童疾病应以预防为主,加强孕前体检和孕育指导,降低新生儿出生缺陷,加强新生儿筛查工作,对早期疾病及时干预,关注女童健康,控制环境危害对儿童健康的影响。
Objective: To understand the changes of the causes of death and the gender, age and season distribution of hospitalized children in the recent 10 years. Methods: The deaths of hospitalized children in recent 10 years were statistically analyzed according to the classification principle of “ICD-10” in international diseases and SPSS was used for statistical treatment. Results: The overall mortality rate of hospitalized children in the recent 10 years showed a downward trend. The ratio of male to female hospital deaths was 1.6: 1. The mortality rate of in-hospital girls was slightly higher than that of hospitalized boys. The extreme climate-related death rates were high. Infants under 1 year old The highest proportion of deaths occurred in the last 10 years. The top 5 causes of death in the past 10 years were congenital abnormalities (28.0%), malignant tumors (22.5%), neonatal diseases (9.9%), respiratory diseases (9.4%) and infectious diseases (7.1%). CONCLUSIONS: Prevention of disease should be the mainstay of childhood disease. Prenuptial examination and pregnancy guidance should be strengthened to reduce neonatal birth defects, to strengthen screening of newborns, timely intervention of early diseases, to focus on the health of girls and to control the impact of environmental hazards on children’s health.