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弹头在与射击客体剧烈撞击过程中所产生的损伤特征是推断射击距离的重要依据。本文对64式手枪弹于不同距离射击墙体后弹头的损伤程度进行研究,探索64式手枪弹弹头损伤程度与射击距离的关系。在射击实验中,用64式手枪和发射药装药量分别为总发射药装药量3/6、4/6、5/6、6/6的64式子弹射击墙体,利用测速仪测量子弹的发射速度并换算得到射击距离,通过体视显微镜观察弹头损伤形态,利用游标卡尺测量子弹撞击面直径、弹头长度并计算得出变形系数。结果表明,射击距离为1~12.33m时,弹头变形严重,呈蘑菇状,而披甲呈爆裂状,铅芯暴露范围大,当其增加至45.57~154.17m,弹头仍呈蘑菇状,部分披甲破裂,暴露出铅芯,当其继续增加至131.59~352.14m,弹头变形程度减小,碰撞面呈扁平状,披甲完整,无铅芯暴露,当其达到425.44~915.81m,弹头变形程度小,碰撞面呈锥形,但弹头表面有明显碰撞和刮擦痕迹;弹头变形系数随射击距离变大而减小,且其下降速率随射击距离增大(尤其当射击距离超过300m时)显著减小。因此,在涉及64式手枪弹射击的案件调查中,可根据枪击现场提取的弹头的损伤程度并结合试射实验结果对射击距离进行推断,但该方法一般只适用于较大范围射击距离的推断。
The characteristics of the damage produced by the warhead during the violent impact with the shooting object are important bases for inferring the shooting distance. In this paper, the damage degree of 64-type pistol shells fired at different distances from the rear wall of the shooting wall was studied to explore the relationship between the degree of damage of the 64-type pistol projectile and the shooting distance. In the shooting experiment, with the 64 pistol and propellant charge were the total propellant charge of 3 / 6,4 / 6,5 / 6,6 / 6 64 bullet shooting wall, using the speedometer measurement Bullet firing speed and converted to get the firing distance by bullet microscope to observe the damage morphology of the bullet, using the caliper to measure the bullet impact surface diameter, bullet length and calculate the deformation coefficient. The results show that when the firing range is 1 ~ 12.33m, the bullet deforms seriously and has a mushroom shape, while the carapace is in a burst shape. The exposed area of the lead core is large. When it increases to 45.57-154.17m, the bullet still has a mushroom shape and part of the carapace ruptures , When it continues to increase to 131.59 ~ 352.14m, warhead deformation decreases, the impact surface was flat, armor integrity, lead-free core exposure, when it reaches 425.44 ~ 915.81m, a small degree of deformation of the bullet, collision The surface of the projectile has obvious concussion and scraping marks. The deformation coefficient of the projectile decreases with the increase of the projectile distance, and the descending rate of the projectile decreases with the firing distance (especially when the firing distance exceeds 300m). Therefore, in the investigation involving the shooting of a 64-type pistol, the shooting distance can be inferred based on the damage extent of the warhead extracted from the shooting site and the experimental results. However, this method is generally only applicable to the estimation of a wide range of shooting distances .