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宅基地使用权是我国特有的一种用益物权,我国相关法律将宅基地使用权人限定为农村村民,这在实际上是限制宅基地使用权的自由流转。相关法律规定宅基地使用权人不得就其宅基地使用权单独转让、出租或者设定抵押。这种限制,一方面使农村的不动产难以进入市场进行交易,在一定程度上限制农民的融资手段,继而阻碍农村经济的发展;另一方面使得在城里购置了房产的农民无法转让闲置的空房,将会造成农民房屋的长期空闲,不符合“物尽其用”的原则。笔者认为,可以通过司法解释的方式,允许农村村民对自有房屋及宅基地使用权设定典权,且不限定典权人的身份,以实现物尽其用的目的。
The right to use homestead is a usufruct of peculiar to our country. The relevant laws of our country limit the right to use homestead to rural villagers, which is actually restricting the free circulation of the right to use homestead. Relevant laws stipulate that the holder of the right to use a house site may not assign, rent or set up a mortgage separately for the right to use his house site. Such restrictions, on the one hand, make it difficult for real estate in rural areas to enter the market for trading, to a certain extent, restrict the means of financing for peasants and then impede the development of rural economy; on the other hand, peasants who purchase real estate in the city can not transfer vacant vacant houses , Will result in long-term peasant housing idle, does not meet the “best use” principle. The author believes that through the way of judicial interpretation, rural villagers can be allowed to set exclusive right to use their own houses and homesteads, and not to limit the identity of the attorney, in order to achieve the purpose of making the best use of them.