论文部分内容阅读
良性前列腺增生症(benign prostatic hyperplasia,BPH)是一种特殊的组织病理疾病,其特征表现为基质及上皮细胞的增生。而BPH在临床上又常表现为下尿路症状(lower urinary tract symptoms,LUTS),包括尿频、尿急、夜尿、尿不尽感等。随着年龄的增长,这些症状将逐渐加重,对于50岁以上的男性来说,BPH伴随下尿路症状已经成为一种常见疾病。BPH在病理生理方面,则表现为膀胱出口梗阻,膀胱出口梗阻的病因主要包括两方面,首先是静力因素,即前列腺的腺组织和非腺组织增生、肥大,直接挤压后尿道而引起机械性梗阻；二是动力因素,即分布在膀胱颈、前列腺包膜和腺体平滑肌中α_2肾上腺素能受体被活化,平滑肌收缩、肌张力增高,引起膀胱出口梗阻。
Benign prostatic hyperplasia (BPH) is a special histopathological disorder characterized by hyperplasia of stroma and epithelial cells. However, BPH is often clinically manifested as lower urinary tract symptoms (LUTS), including urinary frequency, urgency, nocturia, urinary tract irritation and so on. With age, these symptoms will gradually worsen. For men over the age of 50, BPH with lower urinary tract symptoms has become a common disease. BPH pathophysiology, the performance of the bladder outlet obstruction, bladder outlet obstruction of the causes mainly include two aspects, the first is the static factor, that is, prostate glandular and non-glandular tissue hyperplasia, hypertrophy, direct extrusion of the urethra caused by mechanical Sexual obstruction; the second is the dynamic factors, that is distributed in the bladder neck, prostate capsule and gland smooth muscle α 2 adrenergic receptor activation, smooth muscle contraction, increased muscle tone, causing bladder outlet obstruction.