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中国核工业自1955年建立以来,已形成一个完整的工业系统。核工业辐射环境质量评价于1981年着手工作,调查了各核设施80km范围内的人口分布、农作物分布、食物组成以及气象、水文、地质等资料,统计并分析了流出物和环境监测资料。辐射环境质量评价的计算采用Y3001计算机程序。计算结果表明,所有核设施周围的关键居民组所受的有效剂量当量小于国家规定的年剂量限值。80％的关键居民组所受的剂量小于天然辐射剂量的10％。整个核工业总的年平均集体剂量当量为23人·Sv,低于天然辐射剂量的0.01％,远低于非核工业或人为活动的危害值。根据我国核工业发展计划,预测到2000年时整个核工业产生的年集体剂量当量为59人·Sv。
Since its establishment in 1955, China’s nuclear industry has formed a complete industrial system. Nuclear industry began to work on the evaluation of the quality of the radioactive environment in 1981. Population distribution, crop distribution, food composition, meteorological, hydrological and geological data within 80km of each nuclear facility were investigated. Data on effluent and environmental monitoring were statistically analyzed. Radiation environment quality evaluation calculation using Y3001 computer program. The calculation results show that the effective dose equivalent of the key residents around all nuclear facilities is less than the annual dose limit stipulated by the state. 80% of the key inhabitant groups receive less than 10% of the natural radiation dose. The total annual average collective dose equivalent for the entire nuclear industry is 23 persons Sv, which is less than 0.01% of the natural radiation dose and far below that of non-nuclear industries or man-made activities. According to China’s nuclear industry development plan, it is predicted that the annual collective dose equivalent of the entire nuclear industry will be 59 people · Sv by the year 2000.