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[目的]了解广州部分企业微波辐射接触对作业人员健康状况的影响。[方法]对2012-2014年9家使用微波辐射仪器装置的参加职业健康检查的工人进行分类,收集单纯接触微波的511名工人资料,并与上述企业中没有任何职业危害接触记录的231名员工进行比较。[结果]微波接触组男性341例,女性170例,年龄21~52岁,平均(28.67±7.14)岁,平均接触工龄(9.71±4.60)年非接触组男性154例,女性77例,年龄21~54岁,平均(29.02±5.65)岁。接触组接触强度(0.98~18.20)μW/cm~2,中位数值为7.88μW/cm~2。接触组心电图异常检出率与对照组比较差异有统计学意义(P<0.05);接触组的外周静脉血RBC、Hb均值比对照组低差异有统计学意义(P<0.05)。[结果]微波接触组的平均接触工龄为9.71年,接触强度中位数值为7.88μW/cm~2;接触组的心电图异常检出率与对照组比较差异有统计学意义(P<0.05),接触组的外周静脉血RBC、Hb均值比对照组低差异有统计学意义(P<0.05)。[结论]低强度的微波辐射可对机体健康产生影响,尤其对心脏、外周血的影响不容忽视应加强微波辐射安全防护知识宣传并采取有效的防护措施。
[Objective] To understand the impact of exposure to microwave radiation on the health status of workers in some enterprises in Guangzhou. [Methods] Nine workers participating in occupational health examinations using microwave radiometer equipment from 2012 to 2014 were classified. Data of 511 workers who were exposed to microwaves alone were collected and compared with 231 workers who did not have any occupational hazards in the above-mentioned enterprises Compare. [Results] There were 341 males and 170 females in the microwave exposure group, with a mean age of (28.67 ± 7.14) years and 21-52 years of age. The mean exposure time (9.71 ± 4.60) years in the non-contact group was 154 males and 77 females, ~ 54 years old, average (29.02 ± 5.65) years old. Contact strength (0.98 ~ 18.20) μW / cm ~ 2 in contact group and median value 7.88μW / cm ~ 2. The detection rate of electrocardiogram anomaly in contact group was significantly lower than that in control group (P <0.05). There was significant difference in RBC and Hb mean of peripheral venous blood between exposure group and control group (P <0.05). [Results] The median exposure time of microwave exposure group was 9.71 years, and the median of contact intensity was 7.88μW / cm ~ 2. The detection rate of electrocardiogram abnormality in the exposure group was significantly different from that of the control group (P <0.05) There were significant differences in RBC and Hb mean of peripheral venous blood between the exposure group and the control group (P <0.05). [Conclusion] Low-intensity microwave radiation can have an impact on the health of the body, especially on the heart and peripheral blood. It should not be neglected. Knowledge promotion of microwave radiation safety protection should be strengthened and effective protective measures should be taken.