论文部分内容阅读
飞行员短缺——这是运量快速增长背后所不能回避的问题之一,也是制约航空运输业发展的关键因素。现阶段的美国,随着婴儿潮时期出生的那一代飞行员逐渐进入退休年龄,飞行员短缺的状况愈加严重,美国联邦航空局不得不将飞行员的退休年限由60岁提高到65岁,以解燃眉之急而早在两三年前,国内民航运输业已经与这一问题进行过正面交锋——轰动一时的飞行员转会之争是各种错综复杂的因素共同作用的结果,但其最大的起因还在于成熟飞行人才的供不应求。实际上,成熟飞行人才的短缺,与我国长期以来通用航空与运输航空发展失衡的状况不无关系。在一些航空运输业发达的国家,通用航空不仅是运输航空经济上的补充,同时还是运输航空成熟飞行员的供给基地。统计资料显示,美国通用航空飞行员占总数的近6成,与运输航空的飞行员组成了“金字塔”结构。运输航空飞行员经历(飞行小时)的积累,全部通过通用航空来完成,而那些经验丰富、技术精湛、协作能力强的通航飞行员将能成为航线运输飞行员,这对于提高运输航空飞行员的整体素质也大有裨益。
Pilot shortage - one of the problems that can not be avoided behind the rapid growth of traffic volume, is also a key factor restricting the development of the air transport industry. At this stage in the United States, the pilot shortage of pilots is getting worse as the baby-boomer pilot gradually enters retirement age and the FAA has to lift the pilot’s retirement age from 60 to 65 to meet its immediate needs As early as two or three years ago, the domestic civil aviation transportation industry had already confronted this issue. The sensation of the transfer of pilots was the result of a combination of complicated factors. However, the biggest cause of this was due to the mature flight In short supply of talent. In fact, the shortage of mature flight personnel is not unrelated to the long-standing imbalance between general aviation and transport aviation in our country. In some countries where the air transport industry is developed, general aviation is not only an economic supplement to transport aviation, but also a supply base for transport aviation mature pilots. Statistics show that nearly 60% of U.S. GA pilots form a “pyramid” structure with pilots who transport aviation. Transport aviation pilots experience (flight hours) accumulated through the completion of all the general aviation, and those experienced, skilled and collaborative pilots will be able to become airline pilots, which is to improve the overall quality of air transport pilots are also large Benefit.