1972年,由于在一般均衡论和社会福利经济学方面的成就,51岁的美国经济学家肯尼斯·约瑟夫·阿罗与英国经济学家约翰·希克斯共同获得了瑞典皇家科学院颁发的第四届诺贝尔经济学奖。从那时起,阿罗成为自1969年诺贝尔经济学奖首次颁发以来最年轻的获得者,迄今无人超越。瑞典皇家科学院的颁奖贺词这样评价阿罗的贡献:“从一般均衡理论到福利理论只不过是很短的一步,然而就在其中的几个瞬间,阿罗阐述了他的上述成就中有关福利经济的几个结论。阿罗归纳出了几个有关某种竞争均衡的帕累托最优性这个定理,且证明在实物资 In 1972, Kenneth Joseph Arrow, a 51-year-old American economist, and British economist John Hicks, together with the achievements of the General Equilibrium and Social Welfare Economics, Fourth Nobel Prize in economics. Since then, Arrow has been the youngest winner since the 1969 Nobel Prize for Economics was first presented, so far no one has surpassed. The Royal Swedish Academy of Sciences’s congratulatory message thus commented Arrow’s contribution: ”The theory of general equilibrium to the theory of well-being is only a short step forward. However, at just a few of these moments, Arroyo articulated the benefits of his accomplishments Several conclusions of the economy .Aro summed up several theorems on the Pareto optimality of a competitive equilibrium, and prove that in the real material