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目的 了解锦屏县耳聋发病情况。方法 对锦屏县 75 2例听力残疾人进行了耳聋病因问卷调查、纯音听阈测试 ,并对遗传性耳聋患者采用PCR扩增及限制酶切技术进行线粒体DNA15 5 5A -G点突变筛查。结果 在被调查人中侗、苗族患病比例为 1.35 :1,与当地居民中侗、苗族比例接近 (1.33 :1) ;0～ 14岁组听力残疾人数占被调查人数的 2 1.5 % ,明显高于 1987年全国残疾人抽样调查中 7.12 %的比例 ;个案调查中先天性耳聋占 36 % ,与我国主要大城市以后天性聋为主有较大差别 ;在 2 9例遗传性聋中发现三个家系 10例为mtDNA 12SrRNA 15 5 5A -G点突变家族 ;71例纯音测听者均有不同程度的残余听力。结论 该县耳聋患病情况与当地文化水平及卫生条件有关 ,其康复工作尚处于起步阶段 ,应引起社会的高度重视
Objective To understand the incidence of deafness in Jinping County. Methods A total of 752 hearing-impaired persons in Jinping County were investigated for the cause of deafness and pure-tone audiometry, and mitochondrial DNA 15 5 5A-G point mutation screening was performed in patients with hereditary deafness by PCR amplification and restriction enzyme digestion. Results The proportion of Dong and Miao people in the surveyed persons was 1.35: 1, which was close to that of Dongs and Miao people (1.33: 1) among local residents. The number of hearing-impaired persons in 0-14-year-old group was 21.5% of the surveyed population, Which is higher than the proportion of 7.12% in the national sample survey of the handicapped in 1987. In the case investigation, congenital deafness accounted for 36%, which was greatly different from the deafness in major metropolises in our country. Of the 29 cases of hereditary deafness, Ten pedigrees were mtDNA 12SrRNA 15 5 5A-G point mutation families; 71 pure tone audiometry listeners had varying degrees of residual hearing. Conclusion The prevalence of deafness in this county is related to the local cultural level and hygiene conditions. Its rehabilitation work is still in its infancy and should be highly valued by the society