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目的评价贵州省苗族和仡佬族人群生命质量并探讨其影响因素。方法采用自行设计的生命质量问卷调查582人,同时进行家庭一般情况和个人健康相关行为、2周患病和慢性病患病情况等调查。采用多个独立样本比较的秩和检验和多元逐步回归方法进行统计分析。结果苗族人群生命质量得分相对最高,汉族居中,仡佬族最低；三个民族的生命质量在多个领域存在差异,生命质量的影响因素也不尽相同,主要有性别、年龄、2周是否患病、是否患慢性病、是否饮用生水、是否吸烟以及受教育程度和家庭生活支出费用的多少等。结论加强医疗卫生服务,推行合作医疗、加强慢性病的预防和治疗、通过健康教育倡导良好的健康相关行为、发展经济是提高少数民族人群生命质量的关键。
Objective To evaluate the quality of life of Miao and Mulao people in Guizhou Province and discuss the influencing factors. Methods A total of 582 people were enrolled in the self-designed quality of life questionnaire. At the same time, general family and personal health-related behaviors, 2-week prevalence and the prevalence of chronic diseases were investigated. Statistical analysis was performed using rank sum test and multivariate stepwise regression with multiple independent sample comparisons. Results Miao people had the highest quality of life scores, the Han people were the middle and the Mulao people was the lowest. The quality of life of the three ethnic groups was different in many fields, and the influencing factors of life quality were also different. The main factors were gender, age, , Whether it is suffering from chronic diseases, whether it is drinking raw water, whether it is smoking, how much it costs for education and family life, etc. Conclusion Strengthening health care services, promoting cooperative medical care, strengthening the prevention and treatment of chronic diseases, advocating good health-related behaviors through health education and developing economy are the keys to improve the quality of life of ethnic minority people.