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目的了解肺尘埃沉着症患者肺通气功能损伤情况,探讨不同分期之间的肺尘埃沉着症患者肺通气功能的差别。方法选择2010年3月—2012年12月体检并被医院确诊为肺尘埃沉着症的患者205例作为A组,同时选取205例接尘、非肺尘埃沉着症患者和205例非接尘工人列为对照B、C组。比较三组之间的肺功能指标。计量资料采用t检验,计数资料采用χ2检验,等级计量资料采用非参数检验,P<0.05为差异有统计学意义。结果肺功能异常率A组75.61%高于B组55.61%和C组19.02%,比较差异有统计学意义(P<0.05)。A组FEV1和FEV1/FVC[(46.5±19.8)ml、(46.4±14.6)%]均低于B组和C组,A组和B组的FVC[(99.2±19.5)、(102.9±4.8)ml]均低于C组,比较差异均有统计学意义(均P<0.05)。Ⅱ、Ⅲ期肺尘埃沉着症患者的[FEV1/FVC(52.5±19.4)%]高于Ⅰ期肺尘埃沉着症患者,差异有统计学意义(P<0.05)。结论相比于非接尘工人,接尘、非肺尘埃沉着症工人和肺尘埃沉着症工人的肺通气功能均有不同程度的损伤,肺尘埃沉着症工人的肺通气功能损伤程度严重,说明检测肺通气功能可以反映工人的肺损伤情况。
Objective To investigate the pulmonary ventilation impairment in patients with pneumoconiosis and to explore the difference of pulmonary ventilation between patients with different stages of pneumoconiosis. Methods A total of 205 patients who were diagnosed as pneumoconiosis from March 2010 to December 2012 were selected as group A. 205 patients with dust and non-pneumoconiosis and 205 workers without dust exposure were enrolled in this study. As control B, C group. Compare the lung function indexes among the three groups. Measurement data using t test, count data using χ2 test, grade measurement data using non-parametric test, P <0.05 for the difference was statistically significant. Results The lung function abnormality rate in group A was 75.61% higher than that in group B 55.61% and group C 19.02%, the difference was statistically significant (P <0.05). The FEV1 and FEV1 / FVC in group A were lower than those in group B and C (46.5 ± 19.8 and 46.4 ± 14.6%, respectively). The FVC in group A and group B were (99.2 ± 19.5) and (102.9 ± 4.8) ml] were lower than those in C group, with significant difference (all P <0.05). The FEV1 / FVC (52.5 ± 19.4%) in patients with stage II and III pneumoconiosis was higher than that in patients with stage I pneumoconiosis (P <0.05). Conclusions Compared with non-exposed workers, lung ventilation of workers exposed to dust and non-pneumoconiosis workers and pneumoconiosis workers have different degrees of damage, and pneumoconiosis workers have a severe impairment of lung ventilation function, indicating that detection Lung ventilation can reflect the worker’s lung injury.