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为了认识储氚高压容器壁材料的力学性能变化及其导致的容器承载能力变化,必须研究储氚期间,容器壁中氚和氦-3浓度的空间分布和随时间的变化.针对容器外表面为一般传质边界条件和容器内部氚为范德瓦尔斯气体的情况,同时考虑容器腔内和容器壁中氚的衰变和扩散,建立求解储氚高压容器壁中氚和氦-3浓度的解析理论模型,导出了氚和氦-3浓度的理论公式.通过解析计算给出了器壁中氚和氦-3浓度随外表面传质系数的变化曲线和浓度的时空变化曲线,提出了氦-3浓度的2β_1+β_2/2倍定律,即处于开放空间的储氚球形高压容器,器壁中氦-3的浓度呈内高外低的分布,时间越长,浓度沿径向的梯度越大,在时间足够长时,各处浓度逼近时间无限长时的最终值,也就是各处的最大值,内表面处的最大值是该处氚初始时刻浓度的2β_1+β_2/2倍,这里β_1和β_2为与氚的范德瓦尔斯常数相关的参数.研究结果为储氚高压容器的强度安全性评估提供了前提.
In order to know the change of mechanical properties of the wall material of tritium-containing high-pressure vessel and the change of container carrying capacity, we must study the spatial distribution and the change of tritium and helium-3 concentration in container wall during tritium storage. General mass transfer boundary conditions and the case of tritium as van der Waals gas in the container, taking into account the decay and diffusion of tritium in the container cavity and the container wall, the analytical theory for solving the concentration of tritium and helium-3 in the wall of the tritium storage high- Model, the theoretical formulas for the concentrations of tritium and helium-3 have been deduced.The spatiotemporal variation curves of tritium and helium-3 concentrations along the outer surface of the vessel walls are obtained by analytical calculation, Concentration of 2β_1 + β_2 / 2 times law, that is, open space storage tritium spherical pressure vessel, the helium-3 concentration in the wall was high inside and outside the distribution of the longer the concentration gradient along the radial greater, When the time is long enough, the final value of the concentration approaching time infinitely long, that is, the maximum value of all the places, the maximum value of the inner surface is 2β_1 + β_2 / 2 times the initial concentration of tritium therein, where β_1 and β_2 is the Van der Waals’s constant with tritium The results provide the precondition for the assessment of the strength and safety of tritium storage high pressure vessels.