自从青霉素出现的半个多世纪以来,抗菌药物一直都是临床抗感染治疗的最重要、最有力武器。然而,近年来,随着抗菌药物的广泛使用甚至是滥用,细菌在抗菌药物的选择性压力作用下不断地产生耐药菌株,并且多重耐药菌株也在不断增加。在对细菌耐药机制的研究中,1989年Stokes和Hall提出了整合子-基因盒耐药系统的概念。整合子是细菌特别是革兰阴性菌中的一种可移动性基因元件,通常位于转座子、接合性质粒、噬 For more than half a century since penicillin appeared, antimicrobials have been the most important and powerful weapon in clinical anti-infective therapy. However, in recent years, with the widespread use and even abuse of antibacterials, bacteria continue to produce drug-resistant strains under the selective pressure of antibacterial drugs, and multi-drug resistant strains are also constantly increasing. In the study of bacterial resistance mechanisms, Stokes and Hall (1989) proposed the concept of integron-gene cassette resistance system. Integrons are a transportable genetic element in bacteria, especially Gram-negative bacteria, usually located in transposons, cosmids, phages