一中国的新石器时代有城,已经不是新闻了。早在1930年,山东历城(现属章丘县)城子崖龙山文化遗址〔1〕中就发现了城墙〔2〕,在几乎同时的河南安阳后岗遗址的发掘中,也报道发现了一段长70余米的夯土城墙〔3〕。但是,这些发现在很长时间里,并没有引起学术界的足够兴趣。其原因在我们看来,除了在发表出来的资料中,有关这两处城墙遗迹的地层关系交代得不十分清楚,以致学术界对其是否为龙山文化时期的 A Chinese Neolithic city, is not news. As early as 1930, the city wall (now Zhangqiu County) Chengziya Longshan Cultural Relics 〔1〕 found in the city wall 〔2〕, at almost the same time, Henan Anyang homing post excavation, also reported found a long More than 70 meters of rammed earth wall [3]. However, these findings did not attract enough interest from academia for a long time. The reason for this is that in our opinion, apart from the published information, the stratigraphic relationship between the two sites of the city wall is not very clearly explained, so that whether the academia is concerned with the Longshan Culture period