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目的考察特困生心理健康的状况及其与自我和谐的关系,为特困生心理健康教育提供实证依据。方法采用症状自评量表和自我和谐量表,对126名高校特困生进行调查分析。结果特困生心理健康状况较差,心理问题检出率高于心理普查5.24个百分点。特困生三大心理问题表现为强迫、抑郁和焦虑。不同性别特困生在恐怖因子上存在差异(t=2.32,P<0.05);独生与非独生特困生在精神病性因子上存在差异(t=3.04,P<0.001);不同生源、专业及学历特困生的心理问题无差异。特困生心理问题与自我经验的不和谐、自我刻板性存在显著正相关。结论高校特困生心理健康水平较差,特困生心理健康与自我和谐存在一定相关性。
Objective To investigate the state of mental health of poor students and their relationship with self-consistency and to provide empirical evidence for the mental health education of impoverished students. Methods The self-rating scale of symptoms and self-consistency scale were used to investigate and analyze 126 college poor students. Results Poor students mental health status is poor, the detection rate of psychological problems higher than the psychological census 5.24 percentage points. The three psychological problems of impoverished students showed coercion, depression and anxiety. There were differences in horror factors among different sex abortion students (t = 2.32, P <0.05); there were differences in psychotic factors between the only child and non-only students (t = 3.04, P <0.001) Poor students psychological problems no difference. There is a significant positive correlation between psychological problems of poor students and discordant self-experience and self-stereotyping. Conclusions The mental health of poor students in higher education institutions is poor. There is a certain correlation between mental health and self-harmony in poor students.