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传统大砧建园是从荒山中挖取2年生以上的杜梨砧木,截去树冠,移栽定植后采用劈接或插皮嫁接建园。从平凉南部山区群众建园情况看存在的突出问题是:①砧木老化,移栽后根系损伤严重,不易成活;嫁接成活后根系发育缓慢,生长势弱;病虫害严重,特别是易感染梨黑胫病。②接穗品种杂乱、低劣,芽体秕瘦,直接影响嫁接效果。③砧木截位和嫁接部位过高,一般在100~120cm左右,不利于矮化密植管理,且砧木容易发枝,削弱养分供应,影响接枝生长。④砧木定植坑过小,蓄水、施肥困难,定植时也不施肥或施肥不足,使
Traditional large anvil garden is from the barren hills in more than 2-year-old Du Pei rootstock, truncated crown, transplanted planted or split skin grafting garden. The outstanding problems existing in the construction of masses in the southern mountainous area of Pingliang are as follows: ① rootstocks are aged and the root system is damaged seriously after transplanting; the root system develops slowly and has a weak growth potential after grafting; the pests and diseases are serious, disease. ② scion varieties messy, poor, bud thin, directly affect the grafting effect. The rootstock cuttings and grafted parts are too high, generally about 100 ~ 120cm, is not conducive to dwarf and close planting management, and rootstocks easy to shoot, weaken the nutrient supply, affecting the grafting growth. ④ rootstock planting pit is too small, impoundment, fertilization difficulties, no fertilization or lack of fertilization when planting, so that