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用Rb2CO3(或Cs2CO3)与NTO(3-硝基-1,2,4三唑-5酮,C2N4O3H2)的水溶液混合制备Rb(NTO)·H2O,Cs(NTO)·H2O.用量热法测定了在298.15 K时M(NTO)·H2O(M=Rb,Cs)在水中的溶解焓.(NTO)·H2O和Cs(NTO)·H2O的标准生成焓分别是(-587.57±2.12) kJ·mol-1和(-596.92±2.11) kJ·mol-1.还分别计算了它们的晶格能、晶格焓、脱水生成焓[(RbNTO,cr)是551.46、546.96、-428.33 kJ·mol-1,(CsNTO,cr)是526.31、521.31、-432.35 kJ·mol-1].计算得到Rb(NTO)·H2O和Cs(NTO)·H2O的标准脱水焓分别为(126.57±2.12)kJ·mol-1和(124.26±2.1)kJ·mol-1.并讨论了碱金属的NTO盐的生成焓之间的关系:从Li+→K+的标准生成焓随离子半径增加而增大,但从K+→Cs+,虽离子半径增加但标准生成焓几乎不变.
Rb (NTO) · H2O and Cs (NTO) · H2O were prepared by mixing Rb2CO3 (or Cs2CO3) with an aqueous solution of NTO (3-nitro-1,2,4-triazol-5-one, C2N4O3H2) The enthalpies of formation of M (NTO) · H2O (M = Rb, Cs) in water at 298.15 K are (-587.57 ± 2.12) kJ · mol -1 and -596.92 ± 2.11 kJ · mol-1, respectively. Their lattice energy, enthalpy of enthalpy and dehydration enthalpy [(RbNTO, cr)] of 551.46,546.96 and -428.33 kJ · mol -1 (CsNTO, cr) is 526.31, 521.31 and -432.35 kJ · mol-1, respectively. The calculated standard dehydration enthalpies of Rb (NTO) · H2O and Cs (NTO) · H2O are (126.57 ± 2.12) kJ · mol- 1 and (124.26 ± 2.1) kJ · mol-1, respectively, and discussed the relationship between the enthalpies of formation of NTO salts of alkali metals: The standard enthalpy of formation from Li + → K + increases with the increase of ion radius, but from K + → Cs + Although the ionic radius increases, the standard enthalpy of formation is almost unchanged.