虽然关于三聚氰胺相关的结石还有很多问题尚不清楚,通过对三聚氰胺污染的奶粉导致的儿童泌尿系结石的筛查、诊断和治疗,中国医生在结石的临床和影像学特点方面积累了很多经验。通过回顾早前的动物研究报告和最近在人类中获得的经验,我们认为尚没有动物实验或人类研究的证据支持三聚氰胺具有直接的肾毒性,虽然可能还需进行切实可行的随访和评价。也有推测认为进一步研究结石形成的机理时可能需要考虑人体内代谢改变和肾小管功能。 Although there are still many problems with melamine-related stones, it is not surprising that Chinese doctors have gained much experience in the clinical and radiological features of stones through the screening, diagnosis and treatment of urinary stones in children with melamine-contaminated milk powder. By reviewing previous animal studies and the recent experience gained in humans, we believe there is no evidence from animal studies or from human studies to support direct nephrotoxicity of melamine, although practical follow-up and evaluation may be warranted. There are also speculations that further studies on the mechanism of stone formation may require consideration of metabolic changes and renal tubular function in the human body.