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目的:检测南部县农村居民上消化道疾病检出率,分析多部位病变发生情况及流行病学特点.方法:在南部县农村,分别以镇、村为抽样单位,采用随机整群抽样方法,选取40～69岁农村居民为研究对象,利用问卷调查、内镜和组织病理学检查收集资料,计算不同种类上消化道疾病检出率,分析多部位病变发生情况.结果:共获得有效资料3127份,调查人群中,共检出上消化道疾病4 193例次,人均检出1. 34次.慢性非萎缩性胃炎、胃息肉、食管癌和上消化道溃疡检出率分别为80. 30% 、8. 25% 、0. 45%和4. 28% . 1、2和3个部位同时检出病变的比例分别为68. 37% 、18. 42%和3. 87% .等级Logistics回归分析表明,患者为男性、年龄越大,多部位病变风险越高.受教育程度越高,多部位病变风险越低.结论:南部县农村居民上消化道疾病检出率较高,多部位、多病种并存现象较为突出.“,”Objective: To investigate the detection rate of upper gastrointestinal tract diseases among rural residents in Nanbu, Sichuan, and analyze the occurrence and epidemio-logical features of multisite diseases. Methods: Cluster ran-dom sampling was employed to select 40-69-year-old rural res-idents with town and village as sampling unit. Data on re-spondents’ demographic characteristics, endoscopy and histo- pathology were collected. Detection rates of upper gastrointestinal tract diseases were calculated, and the occurrence of multi-site diseases was analyzed. Results: A total of 3,217 respondents were enrolled, and 4,193 cases of upper gastrointestinal tract diseases were detected. The mean incidence of upper gastrointestinal tract diseases per person is 1. 34. The detection rate of chronic non-atrophic gastritis, gastric polyp, esophageal cancer and peptic ulcer was 80. 30% , 8. 25% , 0. 45% and 4. 28% , respectively. The detection rate of diseases detected at 1, 2 and 3 sites was 68. 37% , 18. 42% and 3. 87% , re-spectively. Results of ordinal regression analysis showed that males and aged people were at higher risk of multisite diseases, while people with higher education tended to be associated with lower risk. Conclusion: The detection rate of upper gastroin-testinal tract diseases is high among rural residents in Nanbu, Sichuan. Many people are with multisite diseases or multiple conditions.