近年来,由于结核菌耐药性增强、人口流动增加、艾滋病发病率升高以及有些国家和地区忽视对结核病的控制,使结核病又成为了全球性的公共卫生问题之一。加强结核菌的分型研究对于追踪传染源、传播途径的阻断、结核病的调查和监测、发病机制的研究、有效控制结核病的流行等方 In recent years, tuberculosis has become one of the global public health problems due to the increased resistance of TB bacteria, the increase of population movements, the rising incidence of AIDS and the neglect of control over tuberculosis in some countries and regions. To strengthen the classification of tuberculosis research for tracking the source of infection, the blockade of transmission, investigation and monitoring of tuberculosis, pathogenesis, effective control of the prevalence of tuberculosis and other parties