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职业病是存在于我国广大劳动者中比较普遍的危害,而农民工现已替代国有企业工人群体,占到职业病发病人群的一半以上。2009年河南籍农民工张海超在重重阻碍下为证明自己患有尘肺病,不惜以开胸验肺自残的方式争取职业病损害赔偿。这一极端事件引发了社会对农民工职业病及生命健康权的广泛关注。现以“开胸验肺”事件为切入点,通过对农民工职业病现状的探讨,试图寻找发病起因及现象背后的本质原因,以提出切实可行的改进措施,以促进劳资关系和谐。
Occupational diseases are more common hazards among the vast majority of workers in our country. Migrant workers have now replaced the workers in state-owned enterprises and accounted for more than half of the occupational diseases. Zhang Haichao, a migrant worker from Henan Province in 2009, came under heavy impediment to win compensation for occupational diseases in order to prove herself suffering from pneumoconiosis with open chest and lung self-mutilation. This extreme incident has aroused widespread concern in society about migrant workers’ occupational diseases and their right to life and health. Now we are trying to find out the cause of the disease and the essential reasons behind the phenomenon through the discussion of the status quo of migrant workers occupational diseases in order to put forward practical and feasible improvement measures so as to promote the harmonious labor-capital relations.