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[目的]了解近年北京市某区农药中毒现状、中毒原因,为制定有效的干预措施提供科学的依据。[方法]统计分析2011至2014年北京市职业病网络直报系统中报告的该区农药中毒病例。对生产性农药中毒患者中毒原因进行调查。[结果]2011至2014年全区共报告农药中毒359例,中毒率90.3/10万,男性74.4/10万;女性106.4/10万;城区中毒43例,中毒率为39.0/10万,农村中毒316例,中毒率为110.0/10万,女性中毒率高于男性(χ~2=11.3,P<0.05),农村高于城区(χ~2=39 940.054,P=0.000)。30~70岁中毒的人占总中毒例数的68.2%(245/359)。农闲季节的中毒124例,农忙季节的中毒235例,两者分布差异有统计学意义(χ~2=314.287,P=0.000)。生产性农药中毒原因前5位的是不使用防护用品、不退步打药、不阅读标签、不隔行打药及徒手配药。[结论]应重点在农忙季节对农村30~70岁的人群进行农药中毒健康教育和健康促进,以减少各种类型农药中毒的发生。
[Objective] To understand the status of pesticide poisoning and the causes of poisoning in a certain area of Beijing in recent years and provide a scientific basis for formulating effective intervention measures. [Methods] The cases of pesticide poisoning in this area reported by Beijing Occupational Disease Network Direct Reporting System from 2011 to 2014 were statistically analyzed. To investigate the causes of poisoning in patients with productive pesticide poisoning. [Results] A total of 359 cases of pesticide poisoning were reported from 2011 to 2014, with a poisoning rate of 90.3 / 100 000, 74.4 / 100000 males and 106.4 / 100000 females; urban poisoning was performed in 43 cases with a poisoning rate of 39.0 per 100 000 and rural poisoning There were 316 cases with a rate of 110.0 / 100 000. The rate of female poisoning was higher in males than in males (χ ~ 2 = 11.3, P <0.05) and in rural areas than in urban areas (χ ~ 2 = 39 940.054, P = 0.000). 30 to 70 years old poisoning accounted for 68.2% (245/359) of the total number of cases of poisoning. There were 124 cases of poisoning during the slack season and 235 cases of poisoning during the busy season. The difference was statistically significant (χ ~ 2 = 314.287, P = 0.000). The causes of productive pesticide poisoning The top 5 are not using protective equipment, non-retrogressive fight drugs, do not read the label, interlacing drugs and free hand medication. [Conclusion] The health education and health promotion of pesticide poisoning should be focused on the rural population aged 30-70 in the busy season in order to reduce the occurrence of various types of pesticide poisoning.