一、作者简介曹雪芹(1724—1764),名霑,他的字号有雪芹、芹圃、芹溪、梦阮等。他的祖上明末前居住在今辽宁省,有人认为在今铁岭西南郊腰堡大汎河村一带,在努尔哈赤后金兵掠地时,沦为满洲贵族旗下的奴隶,并扈从入关,来到北京。清开国时,曹氏归属正白旗,为内务府包衣(意即皇室之家奴),渐与皇家建立特殊亲近的关系。曾祖曹玺之妻孙氏,当过康熙保母,后被康熙封为一品太夫人。祖父曹寅,少年时即入侍康熙,成了亲信,后常向康熙密奏地方吏治民情;他文学修养很高,联络了不少江南知识人士。父辈曹颙(yong)、曹 First, the author Introduction Cao Xueqin (1724-1764), name James, his size snow parsley, celery, Qin Creek, Dream Nguyen and so on. His ancestors living in Liaoning Province before the end of the Ming Dynasty, some people think that in the southwestern suburbs of Tieling today a large area along the village, in the Nurhaci post-Jinbing swept land, became a Manchu aristocracy’s slaves, and Hu border entry, came Beijing. Qing Dynasty, Cao attribution is a white flag, for the House of the House coat (meaning the royal family slave), gradually with the Royal establishment of a special close relationship. The great-grandparent Cao Xi’s wife, Sun, was Kangxi’s mother-in-law, and was later re-titled as “Mrs. Tai” by Kangxi. His grandfather, Cao Yin, became a cronies since he was a boy and became a member of the government after he confided himself to Kangxi as a secret official. His literary cultivation was very high and he had contacted many knowledgeable people in the south. Father Cao Yong (yong), Cao