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为了对泥沙产生的空间变化有一个全面可靠的了解,要求在一个流域环境综合管理计划中有能够针对不同场景预测出悬移质泥沙进入河道各种情况的模型工具。比利时水保科研人员运用空间分布和泥沙随水流输移模型(SEDEM/W aTEM)对北部斯海尔德河流域上游的3个小流域的水土流失情况进行模拟,模拟结果表明:在流域环境综合管理计划中,水土保持和泥沙控制措施可以大大降低坡地泥沙输送到河道的径流中。在土壤侵蚀区采取土地搁置和改造覆被物等水土保持措施要比在非土壤侵蚀区采取控制措施能更有效的减少泥沙的产生。对许多大流域的研究表明,土地利用变化对泥沙产生的影响微乎其微,甚至没有。由于实施流域管理的计划造成泥沙输移变化,因此,考虑到这种变化,将来应建立一个河口泥沙预算。
In order to have a comprehensive and reliable understanding of the spatial variation of sediment production, it is required that a modeling tool capable of predicting the suspended sediment entering the river from different scenarios is required in a comprehensive plan for integrated environmental management of the river basin. Belgian soil and water conservation researchers using the spatial distribution and sediment-water transport model (SEDEM / W aTEM) to simulate soil erosion in three small watersheds in the upper reaches of the northern Scheldt. The results show that: Management plans, soil and water conservation and sediment control measures can greatly reduce the slope sediment transport to runoff in the river. Soil and water conservation measures such as shelving and transforming the cover in the soil erosion area can reduce the sediment production more effectively than the control measures in the non-soil erosion area. Studies of many large watersheds show that land-use change has little or no effect on sediment production. Due to changes in sediment transport due to the implementation of river basin management plans, a sediment budget for estuaries should be established in light of this change.