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目的了解大连市西岗区5岁以下儿童先天异常死亡变化趋势和模式。方法对该区2007-2013年监测资料进行分析,探讨5岁以下儿童先天异常死亡的分布情况,分析原因提出相应干预措施,以降低先天异常的死亡率。结果大连市西岗区2007-2013年先天异常死亡率虽呈下降趋势,但占总死亡的比率加大,其中先天异常死因构成第一位是先天性心脏病(先心病),且先心病所占比例明显上升,神经管畸形则呈明显下降。结论重点加强出生缺陷三级预防工作,做好孕前、孕中期、孕晚期保健,提高产前诊断技术水平,普及产后新生儿疾病筛查工作,降低先天异常的出生率,提高出生人口素质。
Objective To understand the trends and patterns of congenital anomalies in children under 5 years of age in Xigang District of Dalian City. Methods The surveillance data of 2007-2013 in this area were analyzed to investigate the distribution of congenital abnormal death in children under 5 years of age. Corresponding interventions were put forward to reduce the congenital anomalous mortality. Results Although the congenital anomalous mortality rate in Xigang District of Dalian City decreased from 2007 to 2013, the proportion of the total deaths increased. The first cause of congenital anomalies was congenital heart disease (CHD) and the congenital heart disease The proportion increased significantly, neural tube defects were significantly decreased. Conclusion The three-level prevention of birth defects should be strengthened. Pre-pregnancy, mid-pregnancy and third-trimester health care should be improved to improve the level of prenatal diagnosis, popularize the screening of postpartum neonatal diseases, reduce the birth rate of congenital anomalies and improve the quality of birth population.