论文部分内容阅读
基因在细胞内的传递过程及胞内分布对其作用至关重要,成功的基因载体应能有效地克服内体膜的屏障将基因送到特定的细胞器。传统的非病毒类载体由于不能有效地绕过内体途径,故具有较低的转染活性,从而限制了基因药物的应用。为了进一步提高外源基因的转染效率,已发现大量的促进内体逃逸的试剂。这些试剂可通过与内体膜融合、在内体膜内形成小孔、光激活的破膜作用或质子海绵效应等机制促进内体逃逸。本文总结了文献报道的各种内体逃逸技术,根据其作用机制的不同对其分类阐述,并说明其在基因胞内传递中的应用。
Gene transfer within the cell and intracellular distribution of its role is crucial, the successful gene carrier should be able to effectively overcome the endomembrane barrier to the gene sent to a specific organelle. The traditional non-viral vector can not effectively bypass the endosomal pathway, so it has lower transfection activity, which limits the application of gene drugs. In order to further improve the transfection efficiency of exogenous genes, a large number of reagents for promoting endosome escape have been found. These agents can promote endosome escape through mechanisms such as fusion with the endosomal membrane, the formation of small holes in the endosomal membrane, photopheresis, or proton sponge effects. In this paper, we summarize various kinds of endosomes escaping techniques reported in the literature, classify them according to their mechanism of action, and explain their application in intracellular gene delivery.