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目的了解深圳市福田区中学生重点传染病知识、态度、行为和健康教育方式需求情况,为开展有针对性干预措施提供依据。方法采用分层整群抽样方法,对福田区4所学校的887人进行问卷调查。结果中学生对健康定义、流行性感冒、禽流感、红眼病、艾滋病等相关知识的知晓率均超过80%,流行性腮腺炎低于50%,狂犬病预后知晓率低于15%;除个别问题外,高中生知晓率高于初中生差异有统计学意义(P<0.05)。中学生超过95%认为学校传染病预防工作重要,高中生患病继续上课比例较初中生高,差异有统计学意义(P<0.05),要求患病同学休课、饭前每次洗手的比例较初中生低,差异有统计学意义(P<0.05),初中生和高中生在吐痰、便后洗手和打喷嚏等方面差别无统计学意义(P>0.05)。在健康教育干预方式需求上,初中生和高中生均首选观看宣传片,其后依次为医生讲课、老师讲课。结论高中生在传染病知晓率方面高于初中生,但行为形成率差别不大,提示需加强良好行为习惯的培养。
Objective To understand the knowledge, attitude, behavior and health education needs of high school students in Futian District, Shenzhen, and to provide basis for carrying out targeted interventions. Methods A stratified cluster sampling method was used to survey 887 people in 4 schools in Futian District. Results The awareness rate of secondary school students on health definitions, influenza, bird flu, pink eye, AIDS and other related knowledge was over 80%, less than 50% for mumps and less than 15% for rabies prognosis. Apart from some problems, The awareness rate of high school students was higher than that of junior high school students (P <0.05). Over 95% of middle school students think it is important to prevent communicable diseases in schools. The proportion of high school students who continue to attend school is higher than that of middle school students (P <0.05) The difference was statistically significant (P <0.05). There was no significant difference between junior high school students and high school students after spitting, then hand washing and sneezing (P> 0.05). On the demand for health education intervention, junior high school students and high school students preferred to watch the videos, followed by the doctor and the teacher. Conclusion Senior high school students are better than junior high school students in the awareness rate of infectious diseases, but the difference in behavior formation rate is not large, suggesting that it is necessary to strengthen the cultivation of good behavior habits.