一、关于“汉承秦制”之探讨秦亡于残暴不仁,史已论定。然其制度并非一无是处,太史公谓“秦有天下,悉内六国礼仪,采择其善,虽不合圣制,其尊君抑臣,朝廷济济,依古以来”~①。其论汉承秦制,亦采取以事论事的态度:“至于高祖,光有四海、叔孙通颇有所增益减损,大抵皆袭秦故,自天子称号,下至佐僚,及宫室官名,少所变更。”~②笔者认为,秦汉制度之承袭,最重要有如下三方面:一、继承了秦朝封建大一统的专制帝制政体;二、郡县制;三、职官制以及 First, on the “Han Cheng Qin system ” Qin died in cruel, history has been decided. However, its system is not without its own merits. The history of the Taishi line is called “Qin has the world and knows the etiquette of the six countries. The theory of Han Cheng Qin also adopted the attitude of facts: ”As for the ancestors, there are four seas, Suntong quite gain derogatory, probably are all over the Qin Dynasty, since the Son of Heaven, down to the adjuncts, and The palace official name, little change. "~ ② I believe that the inheritance of the Qin and Han Dynasties system, the most important has the following three aspects: First, the inheritance of the Qin Dynasty feudal unified autocratic monarchy system; Second, the county system; Official system as well