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控制传染病的全球策略,包括建立对国际旅游和移民入境的关卡。在人类免疫缺陷症病毒(HIV)传播期间,限制患传染病者入境,已作为一项重要的公共卫生政策。就现行法律而言,到1987年6月卫生部门才把HIV感染列为危险传染病,对进入美国暂时居留者,除被怀疑HIV感染外,不例行HIV检查。HIV阳性的临时访问者,如有公益活动也可作短期停留。申请永久定居者,则必须接受医学检查,HIV阳性者,肯定被拒绝定居。申请避难者不需作HIV检测,但仅允许避难1年,以后如要永久居留,则需要作HIV试验。
The global strategy to control communicable diseases includes establishing a barrier to international tourism and immigration. During the spread of human immunodeficiency virus (HIV), restricting entry of infectious diseases has been an important public health policy. As far as the law in force is concerned, HIV was not classified as a dangerous contagious disease by the health department until June 1987, and the temporary admission to the United States was not routinely checked for HIV except when it was suspected of HIV infection. Temporary visitors who are HIV positive can also stay for short periods of time if they have a charity event. To apply for permanent settlement, they must undergo a medical examination and HIV positive persons must have been refused settling. Asylum seekers need not be tested for HIV, but only allow asylum for one year. In the future, if they want to live permanently, they need to have HIV testing.