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一、问题的提法设计和建筑大型水电站需时不少于十年,而其使用期限则是一个不定的长时期,予计不少于五十年。因此,在水电站经济方面,应该最大限度地研究水电站效益决定因素的变化趋向。设计的任务就是保证每座水电站有好几十年稳定运行的技术条件。设计方案是通过对其现实性和今后效益的论证而提出的。一般来说,在水电站设计、开始送电时,都会有一些有关动力系统发展计划、被选动力装置指标、水利枢纽造价等方面的初步资料。但计算水平通常是水电站运行前5～10年的,对此情报已不可靠。
I. Problem formulation The design and construction of a large hydropower station will take no less than ten years and its term of use will be an indefinite long term with an expected minimum of 50 years. Therefore, in terms of hydropower station economy, we should study the changing trend of hydropower station’s benefit determinants to the maximum. The design task is to ensure that each hydropower station has several decades of stable operation of the technical conditions. The design proposal is made through the demonstration of its reality and future benefits. Generally speaking, there will be some preliminary information about the power system development plan, selected power plant indicators and the cost of the water conservancy hub when designing the hydropower station and starting power transmission. However, the calculation level is usually 5 to 10 years before the operation of the hydropower station, and the information is not reliable.