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马克思政治经济学批判的基本视阈、问题意识与理论主题,就是对现代社会的经济本性与政治本性的历史唯物主义考察。在现代经济社会意义上,马克思科学地阐述了财富生产和财富分配的关系问题,批判了“把生产当作永恒真理来论述而把历史限制在分配范围之内”的观点的非历史性、反历史性本质;在现代政治社会意义上,马克思辩证地揭示了政治国家向社会国家的转型问题,从民权(民主)问题(权的问题)与民生问题(利的问题)的统一中阐述了国家向社会回归的历史必然性。从马克思政治经济学批判的双重视阈来反思当代中国现代社会的发展进步,我们必须科学合理而稳妥地解决好经济上的市场化与再分配和政治上的反腐败与制度化这两个核心问题。
The basic threshold of criticism of Marx’s political economy, the problem awareness and the theoretical theme are the historical materialist investigations of the economic nature and political nature of modern society. In the modern economic and social sense, Marx scientifically expounded the relationship between wealth production and the distribution of wealth, criticized the non-historical point of view that “production should be discussed as eternal truth and history should be limited to the distribution range.” , Anti-historical nature; in the modern political and social sense, Marx dialectically revealed the transition from a political state to a social state from the unification of civil rights (democracy) (rights) and livelihood The Historical Inevitability of the Country Returning to Society. From the double threshold of Marxist political economics critique to reflect on the development and progress of contemporary Chinese society, we must scientifically and steadily resolve the economic marketization and redistribution and the political anti-corruption and institutionalization of these two core problem.