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采用原位法和半固态搅拌铸造法制备了体积分数为1%,尺寸分别为1μm、500 nm和100 nm的Al_2O_3颗粒和4wt%Mg_2Si颗粒增强铝基复合材料,利用金相显微镜、扫描电镜、X射线衍射仪和能谱仪对材料显微组织、相组成和元素组成进行分析,并对其拉伸性能进行测试。结果表明:Al_2O_3颗粒的加入使该复合材料基体组织得到细化,并且Al_2O_3颗粒尺寸越小组织越细。添加Al_2O_3颗粒使复合材料抗拉强度提高,随着Al_2O_3颗粒尺寸的减小,复合材料抗拉强度升高,而伸长率降低。Mg_2Sip/Al复合材料和(Al2O3(1μm)+Mg2Si)p/Al复合材料的断裂方式主要是韧脆混合型断裂,(Al_2O_3(500 nm)+Mg_2Si)p/Al复合材料和(Al_2O_3(100 nm)+Mg_2Si)p/Al复合材料断裂方式主要为韧性断裂。
The Al_2O_3 particles with the volume fraction of 1%, the sizes of 1 nm, 500 nm and 100 nm and the 4% Mg_2Si particles reinforced aluminum matrix composites were prepared by in-situ method and semi-solid stirring casting method. The microstructure, X-ray diffraction and energy dispersive spectroscopy were used to analyze the microstructure, phase composition and elemental composition of the material, and the tensile properties were tested. The results show that the matrix of Al 2 O 3 particles is refined and the finer the size of Al 2 O 3 particles is. The tensile strength of the composites increased with the addition of Al 2 O 3 particles. With the reduction of Al 2 O 3 particle size, the tensile strength of the composites increased and the elongation decreased. The fracture modes of Mg2Sip / Al composites and (Al2O3 (1μm) + Mg2Si) p / Al composites are mainly ductile-brittle mixed fracture, (Al 2 O 3 (500 nm) + Mg 2 Si) p / Al composites and (Al 2 O 3 ) + Mg_2Si) p / Al composites fracture mode is mainly ductile fracture.