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本文利用北京市2009年的一项微观调查中的826户居民家庭微观样本,分析了轨道交通可达性对城市居民的私家车拥有和使用行为的影响效应。为了克服居住选址和交通方式选择之间的内生性问题,我们利用居住地外生的拆迁安置房家庭子样本来验证这一效应。我们的实证结果显示,轨道交通可达性的提高确实鼓励了居民的“绿色”出行:轨道交通可达性的提高能够显著降低居民私家车的拥有率。不过,对于已购车家庭的车辆使用情况(油耗量),我们并没有发现显著的影响。
Based on the micro-sample of 826 households in a micro-survey conducted by Beijing Municipality in 2009, this paper analyzes the effect of rail transit accessibility on the ownership and use of private cars by urban residents. In order to overcome the endogeneity between residential location and transportation options, we use the sample of house demolition resettlement houses living outside to verify this effect. Our empirical results show that increased accessibility to rail transport does encourage “green” residents’ travel: increased rail accessibility can significantly reduce the ownership of private cars. However, we did not find any significant impact on the vehicle usage (fuel consumption) of the car families that we have purchased.