医学研究中的临床试验通常遵循一种我们熟知的模式。对于某种特定的适应症,一种有潜力的新疗法需要通过随机对照试验与标准疗法进行对照检验,如果尚未存在标准疗法,就需要与安慰剂做对照试验。该疗法如果被证实是有效的,就可用作未来新疗法的对照。也可以就一种疗法对新的适应症是否有效而进行检测:例如,一种抗高血压药物可在心表或者心肌梗塞的患者中进行试验,如果该药物有效,就可以将其作为联合疗法的一部分进行研究,并在规模、复杂性和次数等放大之后继续进行研究。 Clinical trials in medical research often follow a pattern we know well. For a given indication, a promising new therapy will need to be compared to standard therapy by randomized controlled trials. If no standard therapy is available, then a placebo will be required. If this therapy is proven to be effective, it can be used as a control for future new therapies. A therapy can also be tested for the effectiveness of a new indication: for example, an antihypertensive drug can be tested in patients with myocardial infarction or cardiomyopathy, and if the drug is effective, it can be used as a combination therapy Part of the study, and continue to study the size, complexity and number of amplification.