肾性骨质营养不良是晚期肾功能衰竭的一种常见并发症。几乎所有晚期肾功能衰竭病人都具有骨骼疾病的组织学特征,而真正出现症状性骨骼疾病者仅占10-20%。病人骨骼病理变化包括:(一)纤维性囊性骨炎,主要是继发性甲状旁腺功能亢进,破骨细胞过度活动,骨骼再吸收(溶骨)增强所致。(二)骨质软化症,其发生率较低,在美国,肾脏病血透析生存者中经骨胳组织学检查证明,有骨质软化症者约占25%。骨质软化反映病人有继发性骨化缺陷,在很大程度上与维生素D代谢紊乱有关。病人骨缝增宽,骨化前沿(Calcification front)缺陷。(三)骨 Renal osteodystrophy is a common complication of advanced renal failure. Almost all patients with advanced renal failure have histological features of skeletal disease, while only 10-20% of patients actually develop symptomatic skeletal disease. Pathological changes in patients with bone include: (a) fibrous cystic osteitis, mainly secondary hyperparathyroidism, excessive activity of osteoclasts, bone resorption (osteolytic) due to increased. (B) osteomalacia, its incidence is low, in the United States, renal dialysis hematological survival by skeletal histological examination showed that about 10% of osteomalacia are accounted for. Bone softening reflects the patient has secondary ossification defects, to a large extent, with vitamin D metabolic disorders. The patient’s suture widens and the front of the calcification defect. (Three) bone