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目的了解安徽省是否存在水源性高砷区及地方性砷中毒区,为地方性砷中毒防治提供依据。方法根据安徽省生活饮用水质抽样普查工作的结果,选定天长市、五河县、砀山县为地方性砷中毒重点调查县。采取分阶段随机抽样方法,每县随机选取15个调查点(自然村)调查水砷含量。对饮水水砷含量超标的调查点进行砷中毒病情现场调查,调查居民超标水井饮用年限、皮肤角化、皮肤脱色、皮肤色沉情况,并检测其家中饮用水水砷、水氟含量及尿砷等。结果共计检测水砷450份,其中15份水砷超标(>0.05mg/L)。对水砷超标较高的五河县临北乡官塘铺行政村宣滩自然村调查,初步诊断发现地方性砷中毒可疑14人,轻度5人。结论安徽省境内发现水源性高砷区和地方性砷中毒病区存在。并发现有疑似及轻度病人存在。在发现高砷区中不存在高氟水源和地氟病病区。应尽快在高砷区开展改水降砷及地方性砷中毒的监测工作。
Objective To understand whether water-based high-arsenic areas and endemic arsenic poisoning areas exist in Anhui Province and provide evidence for the prevention and treatment of endemic arsenism. Methods According to the results of sampling survey of drinking water quality in Anhui Province, Tianchang, Wuhe and Dangshan counties were selected as the key investigation counties for endemic arsenism. A staged random sampling method was adopted, and 15 counties (villages) in each county were randomly selected to investigate the water arsenic content. Arsenic poisoning was investigated in the investigation points of drinking water arsenic exceeding the standard, and the drinking water age, skin keratosis, skin decolouration and skin color sankness were investigated. The drinking water arsenic, water fluoride and urinary arsenic Wait. Results A total of 450 parts of arsenic were tested. Among them, 15 parts of arsenic exceeded the standards (> 0.05 mg / L). A survey of villages of XuanTan village in Guantangpu administrative village, Linbei village, Linhe, Wuhe County, with a high water arsenic exceeded the preliminary diagnosis, and found that 14 cases were endemic arsenic poisoning and 5 were mild. Conclusions The high water-arsenic area and endemic arsenism area found in Anhui Province exist. And found that there are suspected and mild patients. In the discovery of high arsenic areas there is no high-fluoride water and endemic fluorosis area. As soon as possible in the high arsenic area to carry out water and arsenic reduction and endemic arsenic poisoning monitoring.